Liverpool at War

The most bombed city outside London. Home to Britain's lifeline in the Battle of the Atlantic and the world's only double Victoria Cross recipient.

4,000+
Civilians killed in WWII
10,000+
Homes destroyed
70,000
People made homeless
79
Nights of bombing (May Blitz 1941)

The Liverpool Blitz

August 1940 to January 1942

Liverpool and the surrounding Merseyside area suffered the most sustained bombing of any area outside London during World War II. The city's vital port made it a prime target for the Luftwaffe.

The 'May Blitz' of 1941 saw eight consecutive nights of intensive bombing from 1st to 7th May, leaving much of the city centre in ruins. Over 1,700 people were killed in this single week.

Britain's Lifeline

As the western terminus of the Atlantic convoys and headquarters of Western Approaches Command, Liverpool was Britain's lifeline. Churchill called the Battle of the Atlantic the 'dominating factor' of the war.

Captain Noel Godfrey Chavasse VC and Bar MC

The World's Only Double Victoria Cross Recipient (WWI)

1884-1917

Education: Liverpool College, then Trinity College Oxford

Regiment: Royal Army Medical Corps, attached to the Liverpool Scottish

First Victoria Cross

9 August 1916, Guillemont, France

During the Battle of the Somme, he rescued wounded men from no-man's land under heavy fire for two days, saving at least 20 lives.

Bar to Victoria Cross

31 July - 2 August 1917, Wieltje, Belgium

Despite being severely wounded, he continued rescuing casualties for two days during the Battle of Passchendaele. He died of his wounds on 4 August 1917.

Only three people have ever received a Bar to the Victoria Cross; Noel Chavasse is the only one from World War I and the only one to receive both for saving lives rather than taking them.

The Great War: 1914-1918

Liverpool sent more volunteer battalions to the war than any other city

The 'Liverpool Pals' battalions suffered devastating losses

Birkenhead's Cammell Laird built warships including HMS Ark Royal

The shipyards worked around the clock

The city's port handled troops, supplies, and wounded

Over 1.2 million troops passed through Liverpool

Liverpool College lost 338 former pupils in WWI

Including Noel Chavasse VC and Bar

World War II: Liverpool's Crucial Role

Western Approaches Command

The nerve centre of the Battle of the Atlantic was based in a secret bunker beneath Derby House, Liverpool. From here, the war against German U-boats was coordinated.

Port of Liverpool

Handled 90% of all war materials shipped from North America. Without Liverpool, Britain could not have survived.

Convoy System

Liverpool was the eastern terminus for Atlantic convoys. Over 1,000 convoys departed from or arrived at Liverpool during the war.

Munitions and Shipbuilding

Merseyside factories and shipyards produced aircraft, ships, vehicles, and ammunition continuously throughout the war.

We Remember

Liverpool Cenotaph

St George's Hall Plateau

All who served and died

Western Approaches HQ

Rumford Street

Battle of the Atlantic, now a museum

Liverpool Parish Church Memorial

Our Lady and St Nicholas

Maritime casualties

Chavasse Park

Liverpool ONE

Captain Noel Chavasse VC and Bar

Honour the Legacy

Liverpool's wartime sacrifice shaped the world we live in today.

Explore Full History